major shifts and changes in mood can be signs of bipolar disorder. this information and resource can help you understand more about the condition.
childhood adverse events are risk factors for later bipolar disorder. we quantified the risks for a later diagnosis of bipolar disorder after exposure to adverse life events in children with and without parental psychopathology. this register-based population cohort study included all persons born in denmark from 1980 to 1998 (980 554 persons). adversities before age 15 years were: familial disruption; parental somatic illness; any parental psychopathology; parental labour market exclusion; parental imprisonment; placement in out-of-home care; and parental natural and unnatural death. we calculated risk estimates of each of these eight life events as single exposure and risk estimates for exposure to multiple life events. main outcome variable was a diagnosis of bipolar disorder after the age of 15 years, analysed with cox proportional hazard regression. single exposure to most of the investigated adversities were associated with increased risk for bipolar disorder, exceptions were parental somatic illness and parental natural death. by far the strongest risk factor for bipolar disorder in our study was any mental disorder in the parent (hazard ratio 3.53; 95% confidence interval 2.73–4.53) and the additional effects of life events on bipolar risk were limited. an effect of early adverse life events on bipolar risk later in life was mainly observed in children without parental psychopathology. our findings do not exclude early-life events as possible risk factors, but challenge the concept of adversities as important independent determinants of bipolar disorder in genetically vulnerable individuals.
a bipolar episode can get triggered for various reasons, differing from person to person. there are a few common triggers that you can look out for, though.
types of bipolar disorder: learn about the types of bipolar disorder, including mania and hypomania.
life expectancy and years of potential life lost in bipolar disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis - volume 221 issue 3
is it bipolar disorder? here’s how to recognize the signs and symptoms, tell the difference between bipolar i and bipolar ii, and get a diagnosis.
patients with bipolar disorder (bd) and major depressive disorder (mdd) experience psychological distress associated with daily events that do not meet the threshold for traumatic experiences, referred to as event-related psychological distress (erpd). recently, we developed an assessment tool for erpd, the erpd-24. this tool considers four factors of erpd: feelings of revenge, rumination, self-denial, and mental paralysis. we conducted a cross-sectional study between march 2021 and october 2022 to identify the differences and clinical features of erpd among patients with mdd and bd and healthy subjects who did not experience traumatic events. specifically, we assessed erpd using the erpd-24 and anxiety-related symptoms with the state-trait anxiety inventory, liebowitz social anxiety scale, and anxious-depressive attack. regarding the erpd-24 scores among the groups, as the data did not rigorously follow the test of normality, the kruskal–wallis test was used to compare the differences among the groups, followed by the dunn–bonferroni adjusted post-hoc test. non-remitted mdd patients and bd patients, regardless of remission/non-remission, presented more severe erpd than healthy subjects. this study also demonstrated the relationships between all anxiety-related symptoms, including social phobia and anxious-depressive attack and erpd, in both bd and mdd patients and in healthy subjects. in conclusion, patients with non-remitted mdd and with bd regardless of remission/non-remission experience severe erpd related to anxiety-related symptoms.
background one of the most challenging issues faced by families of people living with bipolar disorder is stigma. this study was conducted to explain the process of stigma experience in the families of people living with bipolar disorder using the grounded theory method. methods data for this study were collected through semi-structured interviews with participants in razi psychiatric hospital in tehran, iran, via purposive sampling and field notetaking. the dependability, conformability, and transferability measures were included to support the data accuracy and robustness, and maxqda 2020 software was used to facilitate data coding. the strauss–corbin method was used to analyse the data. results a total of 20 family members of people living with bipolar disorder, four people living with bipolar disorder, and three mental health professionals participated in this study. the analysis of participants’ experiences led to identifying 64 subcategories, 21 categories, and six main concepts, including social deprivation, being labelled, cultural deficiency and lack of awareness, economic challenges, forced acceptance of the existing situation, and social isolation. conclusion families of people living with bipolar disorder experience social deprivation, social isolation, and social rejection, which have irreparable consequences for them. overcoming stigma in these families should be a priority of policymakers and planners in the field of psychosocial health.
stress, certain medications, and arguments with loved ones are common triggers for bipolar mood episodes, experts say.
emotional-problems~the american academy of pediatrics (aap) provides an overview of bipolar disorder and frequently asked questions about children and teens.
nyu langone’s nationally renowned psychiatrists specialize in accurately diagnosing bipolar disorder. learn more.
the cause of bpad is uncertain, but we know more today than we did a decade ago. chemical imbalance three brain chemicals — norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine — are involved in psychiatric disorders. norepinephrine and serotonin are linked to mood disorders, such as depression and bpad. dopamine, is more closely linked to psychotic disorders, such … read more
bipolar disorder is a chronic mental illness associated with substantial impairment in quality of life and function. although there has been tremendous growth in understanding bipolar disorder with respect to treatments, very little study has ...
these conditions affect emotions. depression causes a feeling of deep sadness. bipolar disorder goes back and forth from being very sad to being very happy.
bipolar disorder in older adults is a challenging condition, but with professional support, you can live a healthy, stable life.
europe pmc is an archive of life sciences journal literature.
background during over half a century, science has shown that lithium is the most efficacious treatment for bipolar disorder but despite this, its prescription has consistently declined internationally during recent decades to approximately 35% ever use or less of patients with bipolar disorder. content this narrative review provides an overview of the decreasing use of lithium in bipolar disorder internationally, shortly summarises the evidence for lithium’s acute and prophylactic effects in bipolar disorder, discuss the challenges in relation to lithium including side effects, long-term risks and myths around lithium and provides two detailed examples on how specialised care models may result in successful increase of the use of lithium to 70% of patients with bipolar disorder largescale and improve care regionally and nationally. conclusions decades of scientific investigations and education and teaching of clinicians and the public has not increased the use of lithium on a population-based large scale. it is argued that lithium should be the drug of choice for maintenance therapy as the single first-line treatment and that organizational changes are needed with specialised care for bipolar disorder to systematically and long-term change the use of lithium on a large-scale population-level.
serious mental illnesses reduce life expectancy by 10 to 20 years, an analysis by oxford university psychiatrists has shown – a loss of years that's equivalent to or worse than that for heavy smoking.
bipolar disorder is a treatable mental health condition marked by extreme changes in mood, thought, energy, and behavior. previously known as manic depression
this review focuses on latest research regarding the role of life events in bipolar disorder. description of important patients experiences and mechanisms, according to which they operate, is the key issue in diagnostics, therapy, prevention and planning of further studies. definitions of life...
bipolar disorder is a condition where people experience periods of depression and mania. learn more about bipolar and how to seek treatment here.
living with bipolar disorder comes with a myriad of challenges, such as higher stress levels and co-occurring conditions, which all may play a role in lowering life span. but there are ways to help.
a long-term study in more than 1,100 people yields a new seven-factor framework that could help patients, clinicians and researchers.
bipolar disorder, also known as bipolar affective disorder, affects 2 in 100 people. find out about diagnosis, treatment and recovery.
understanding the different causes of bipolar disorder can help you determine how it is developed and see how different treatment options might work.
bipolar disorder is a mental health condition featuring extreme mood swings that include periods of mania, hypomania, and depression.
learn about bipolar disorder, including types, symptoms, and treatment options
these self-help tips can help you manage bipolar disorder, cope with symptoms, prevent relapse, and improve your quality of life.
living with someone with a mental illness can present a unique set of challenges. learn 9 tips for living with a loved one with bipolar disorder.
bipolar disorder is a type of psychosis, which means the person?s perception of reality is altered. it is characterised by extreme mood swings
find out about bipolar disorder, including symptoms, how it's diagnosed and treatments.
after a bipolar ii diagnosis, peter gerstenzang was prescribed lamotrigine, allowing him to experience joy and even a second chance at adolescence.
for me, the most realistic definition is that i’m spending more time living my life than managing bipolar disorder.
bipolar disorder is one of the most challenging mental health disorders to manage. learn about the types of bipolar disorder and symptoms of each
background life events play an important role in the onset and course of bipolar disorder. we will test the influence of life events on first and recurrent admissions in bipolar disorder and their interaction to test the kindling hypothesis. methods we collected information about life events and admissions across the life span in 51 bipolar patients. we constructed four models to explore the decay of life event effects on admissions. to test their interaction, we used the andersen-gill model. results the relationship between life events and admissions was best described with a model in which the effects of life events gradually decayed by 25% per year. both life event load and recurrent admissions significantly increased the risk of both first and subsequent admissions. no significant interaction between life event load and number of admissions was found. conclusions life events increase the risk of both first and recurrent admissions in bipolar disorder. we found no significant interaction between life events and admissions, but the effect of life events on admissions decreases after the first admission which is in line with the kindling hypothesis.
life-event specificity: bipolar disorder compared with unipolar depression - volume 201 issue 6
with proper treatment, along with support and self-care, people with bipolar disorder can live healthy, fulfilling lives.
bipolar disorder is a recurrent disorder that affects more than 1% of the world population and usually has its onset during youth. its chronic course is associated with high rates of morbidity and mortality, making bipolar disorder one of the main causes of disability among young and working-age people. the implementation of early intervention strategies may help to change the outcome of the illness and avert potentially irreversible harm to patients with bipolar disorder, as early phases may be more responsive to treatment and may need less aggressive therapies. early intervention in bipolar disorder is gaining momentum. current evidence emerging from longitudinal studies indicates that parental early-onset bipolar disorder is the most consistent risk factor for bipolar disorder. longitudinal studies also indicate that a full-blown manic episode is often preceded by a variety of prodromal symptoms, particularly subsyndromal manic symptoms, therefore supporting the existence of an at-risk state in bipolar disorder that could be targeted through early intervention. there are also identifiable risk factors that influence the course of bipolar disorder, some of them potentially modifiable. valid biomarkers or diagnosis tools to help clinicians identify individuals at high risk of conversion to bipolar disorder are still lacking, although there are some promising early results. pending more solid evidence on the best treatment strategy in early phases of bipolar disorder, physicians should carefully weigh the risks and benefits of each intervention. further studies will provide the evidence needed to finish shaping the concept of early intervention. ajp at 175 remembering our past as we envision our future april 1925: interpretations of manic-depressive phases earl bond and g.e. partridge reviewed a number of patients with manic-depressive illness in search of a unifying endo-psychic conflict. they concluded that understanding either phase of illness was “elusive” and “tantalizing beyond reach.” (am j psychiatry 1925: 81: 643–662)
researchers performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of life expectancy and years of potential life lost in bipolar disorder.